Rarely, endophthalmitis (an infection inside the eye), serious eye inflammation, damage to the retina and cataract (clouding of the lens) can occur after Lucentis treatment.

Vistide is used to treat cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, a viral infection of the retina (the light- sensitive surface at the back of the eye).

It is used to treat damage to the retina (the light-sensitive back part of the eye) when this damage is caused by abnormal blood vessels growing and leaking into the eye.

Extremely rarely, thrombosis has been reported to occur in other blood vessels e. g., hepatic, mesenteric, renal, cerebral or retinal veins and arteries, in COC users.

Raised intra-ocular pressure causes damage to the retina (the light-sensitive surface at the back of the eye) and to the optic nerve that sends signals from the eye to the brain.

of the eye, pain or redness (inflammation), detachment or tear of the layer in the back of the eye (retinal detachment or tear), or clouding of the lens (cataract) may occur after Lucentis treatment.

In the albino rat only, retinal degeneration was observed in a long term study at a high dose (50 mg/ kg), probably associated with an increased exposure to light.

Raised IOP causes damage to the retina (the light sensitive membrane at the back of the eye) and to the optic nerve that sends signals from the eye to the brain.

Ex vivo, a single topical ocular dose of nepafenac was shown to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the iris/ ciliary body (85%-95 %) and the retina/ choroid (55 %) for up to 6 hours and 4 hours, respectively.

Retinal degeneration was observed by transmission microscopy at a dose equivalent to 2.8 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/ m² basis in a 3-month study in albino rats.

Twenty-four hours after intravitreous administration of a radiolabeled dose of pegaptanib to both eyes of rabbits, radioactivity was mainly distributed in vitreous humour, retina and aqueous humour.

To date, there is no evidence of a toxic effect of ivabradine on the retina, but the effects of long-term ivabradine treatment beyond one year on retinal function are currently not known.

Occasionally an infection in the internal portion of the eye, detachment or tear of the layer in the back of the eye (retinal detachment or tear), or clouding of the lens (cataract) may occur in the two weeks after Lucentis treatment.

A retinal toxicity study in normal dogs with intravenous verteporfin and ambient light on the eye showed no treatment-related ocular toxicity.

Pharmacodynamic effects The majority of hydrolytic conversion is in the retina/ choroid followed by the iris/ ciliary body and cornea, consistent with the degree of vascularised tissue.

However, because the doses implicated in retinal degeneration were in the lethal dose range, and no comparable effect has been observed in clinical studies, this finding was not considered to have clinical relevance.

In dogs given ivabradine (doses of 2, 7 or 24mg/ kg/ day) for one year, reversible changes in retinal function were observed but were not associated with any damage to ocular structures.

Ocular adverse events (see section 4.8) including retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and retinal artery or vein obstruction have been reported in rare instance after treatment with alpha interferons.

Ocular adverse events (see section 4.8) including retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and retinal artery or vein obstruction have been reported in rare instances after treatment with alpha interferons.

In the treated eye, abnormal or decreased vision, a change in the field of vision, bleeding of the retina or into the vitreous humour, displacement of the retina, and lack of blood circulation to the retina or choroid were reported by a few patients.

Ocular adverse events (see section 4.8) including retinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots, and retinal artery or vein obstruction have been reported in rare instance after treatment with alpha interferons. All patients Me

In wet AMD, Visudyne is used when the neovascularisation is ‘ predominantly classic’ (when the blood vessels affected are well defined on an eye scan), The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription.

The primary targets of toxicity included the bone marrow, lymphoreticular system, testes, the gastrointestinal tract and, at higher doses, which were lethal to 60 % to 100 % of rats and dogs tested, degeneration of the retina occurred.

In two rat carcinogenicity studies, lansoprazole produced dose-related gastric ECL cell hyperplasia and ECL cell carcinoids associated with hypergastrinaemia due to inhibition of acid secretion and retinal atrophy.

muscle pain, leg cramps or swelling, general swelling, inflammation of the retina (the light- detecting membrane of the eye), increased tear production, blurred vision, feeling of pins and needles or pain in hands and feet;

The safety of sildenafil has not been studied in patients with known hereditary degenerative retinal disorders such as Retinitis pigmentosa (a minority of these patients have genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases) and therefore its use is not recommended.

Serious ocular Adverse Events reported in Macugen treated patients included endophthalmitis (12 cases, 1 %), retinal haemorrhage (3 cases, < 1 %), vitreous haemorrhage (2 cases, < 1 %) and retinal detachment (4 cases, < 1 %).

Rare side effects These may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people: • fluid in the lungs (pulmonary oedema) causing breathlessness • heart failure • swelling of the retina at the back of the eye (macular oedema) • liver doesn’ t function as well as it should (increase in liver enzymes).

Rare:Loss of visual acuity or visual fields, retinal haemorrhage, retinopathy, retinal artery obstruction, retinal vein obstruction, optic neuritis, papilloedema, macular oedema, cotton wool spots Ear and labyrinth disorders Common:

The safety of sildenafil has not been studied in the following sub-groups of patients and its use is therefore contraindicated: severe hepatic impairment, hypotension (blood pressure < 90/ 50 mmHg), recent history of stroke or myocardial infarction and known hereditary degenerative retinal disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa (a minority of these patients have genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases).

Rare side effects These may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people: • fluid in the lungs (pulmonary oedema) causing breathlessness • swelling of the retina at the back of the eye (macular oedema) • reduction in the number of red blood cells, or a type of white blood cell (granulocytopaenia) which can be severe (agranulocytosis), reduction in the number of all types of blood cells (pancytopaenia) • liver doesn’ t function as well as it should (increase in liver enzymes).

The dose should be withheld and treatment should not be resumed earlier than the next scheduled treatment in the event of: a decrease in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of ≥ 30 letters compared with the last assessment of visual acuity; an intraocular pressure of ≥ 30 mmHg; a retinal break; a subretinal haemorrhage involving the centre of the fovea, or, if the size of the haemorrhage is ≥ 50 %, of the total lesion area; performed or planned intraocular surgery within the previous or next 28 days.

Very common side effects (These may affect 10 or more in every 100 patients) The most common side effects in the eye reported to be possibly caused by the medicinal product or by the injection procedure include: Inflammation of the eye, blurred vision, bleeding in the back of the eye (retinal bleeding), visual disturbances, eye pain, small particles or spots in your vision (floaters), bloodshot eye, eye irritation, a feeling of having something in the eye, increased tear production, inflammation or infection of the eyelid margins, dry eye, redness or itching of the eye.

Other haemorrhagic risk factors Rivaroxaban, like other antithrombotic agents, is to be used with caution in patients with an increased bleeding risk such as: • congenital or acquired bleeding disorders • uncontrolled severe arterial hypertension • active ulcerative gastrointestinal disease • recent gastrointestinal ulcerations • vascular retinopathy • recent intracranial or intracerebral haemorrhage • intraspinal or intracerebral vascular abnormalities • recent brain, spinal or ophthalmological surgery.

asthenopia, blepharitis, conjunctivitis allergic, corneal deposits, eye haemorrhage, eyelids pruritus, keratitis, vitreous haemorrhage, pupillary reflex impaired, corneal abrasion, retinal exudates, eyelid ptosis, retinal scar, chalazion, corneal erosion, decreased intraocular pressure, injection site reaction, injection site vesicles, retinal detachment, corneal disorder, retinal artery occlusion, retinal tear, ectropion, eye movement disorder, eyelid irritation, hyphaema, pupillary disorder, iris disorder, ocular icterus, anterior uveitis, deposit eye, iritis, optic nerve cupping, pupillary deformity, retinal vein occlusion, and vitreous prolapse

Psychiatric disorders Rare: Abnormal dreams, cyclothymic disorder Nervous system disorders Uncommon: Rare: Eye disorders Burning sensation, cerebral infarction, headache, restless legs syndrome Amnesia, dementia Alzheimer’ s type, dizziness postural, dysgeusia, epilepsy, hydrocephalus, hypogeusia, memory impairment, migraine, migraine with aura, motor neurone disease, nerve compression, paresis, presyncope, sciatica, vascular headache

Uncommon eye side effects reported to be possibly caused by the drug or by the injection procedure include (occurring in less than one in 100 but more than one in 1000 patients in clinical trials): inflammation of your eye or of the outer surface of the eye, bleeding in the eye or the internal portion of the eye (vitreous), eye strain, inflammation of the central part of the surface of the eye (keratitis), small deposits on the eye or on the surface of the eye (cornea), deposits in the back of the eye, itching of the eyelids, disturbance in your eye’s reaction to the light (pupillary reflex impaired), small erosion on the central part of the surface of the eye (cornea), drooping eyelid, scar inside the eye (retinal scar), small lump on your eyelid due to inflammation (chalazion), decreased pressure inside the eye, injection site reaction, injection site vesicles, displacement or tear of a layer in the back of the eye (retina), disorder of the pupil, of the coloured part of the eye (iris), retinal artery occlusion, eversion of the eyelid, eye movement disorder, eyelid irritation, blood in your eye, discoloured eye, deposit eye, inflammation of the eye (iritis), optic nerve cupping, deformation of the pupil, occlusion of the vein at the back of the eye, discharge of inner jelly of the eye.