Wishing to continue the establishment and operation of the EUTELSAT telecommunications satellite system as part of a trans-European telecommunications network for providing telecommunications services to all participating States, without prejudice to the rights and obligations of the States parties to the relevant European Union and other international agreements,

Moreover, satellites are not currently substantially interchangeable for direct broadcasting and multipoint private networks for value-added business services.

Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive)(4) lays down the objectives of a regulatory framework to cover electronic communications networks and services in the Community, including fixed and mobile telecommunications networks, cable television networks, networks used for terrestrial broadcasting, satellite networks and Internet networks, whether used for voice, fax, data or images.

For the guidelines' purpose it can only be indicated that distinct service markets could exist at least for terrestrial network provision, voice communication, data communication and satellites.

State regulations on satellites are not covered by the Commission Directives under Article 90 of the EEC Treaty respectively on terminals and services mentioned above except in the Directive on terminals which contemplates receive-only satellite stations not connected to a public network.

rural and mobile telephone systems, earth and space-based telecommunications such as transport networks, satellites, fibre optics, Integrated Service Digital Networks (ISDN) and data transmission,

Commission Decision of 3 September 1998 on a common technical Regulation for Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN) Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 2,0 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) (notified under document number C(1998) 2376) (Text with EEA relevance)

Commission Decision of 3 September 1998 on a common technical Regulation for Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN) Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 1,6/2,4 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) (notified under document number C(1998) 2375) (Text with EEA relevance)

Commission Decision of 3 September 1998 on a common technical Regulation for Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN) Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 2,0 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) (notified under document number C(l998) 2376) (98/534/EC)(OJ L 247, 5.9.1998, p. 13)

Commission Decision of 3 September 1998 on a common technical Regulation for Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN) Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 1,6/2,4 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) (notified under document number C(l998) 2375) (98/533/EC) (OJ L 247, 5.9.1998, p. 11)

'The effects of liberalization of satellite infrastructure on the corporate and closed user group market`, Analysis, 1994 and 'L'impact de l'autorisation de la fourniture de services de télécommunications libéralisés par les câblo-opérateurs` by Idate, 1994. The basic findings of those studies emphasize the potential role for, amongst other things, cable TV networks, in meeting the concerns raised about the relatively slow pace of innovation and delayed development of liberalized services in the European Community.

"satellite network services" means the establishment and operation of satellite earth station networks;

"satellite communications services" means service whose provision makes use, wholly or partly, of satellite network services;

'Those reasons are security of network operations, maintenance of network integrity, and, in justified cases, interoperability of services, data protection and, in the case of satellite network services, the effective use of the frequency spectrum and the avoidance of harmful interference between satellite telecommunications systems and other space-based or terrestrial tecnical systems.'

In the case of satellite network services, such essential requirements could be the effective use of the frequency spectrum and the avoidance of harmful interference between satellite telecommunications systems a other space-based or terrestrial technical systems.

"satellite services" means the provision of satellite communications services and/or the provision of satellite networks services;'

The provision of satellite network services for the conveyance of radio and television programmes is a telecommunications service for the purpose of this Directive and thus subject to its provisions.

Development of fixed, mobile and satellite networks with the aim of supporting the applications and services referred to above.

Moreover, satellites are not currently substantially interchangeable for direct broadcasting and multipoint private networks for value-added business services.

This Decision establishes a common technical Regulation covering Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN), Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 2,0 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS).

This Decision establishes a common technical Regulation covering Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN), Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 1,6/2,4 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS).

Notwithstanding the abolition of certain special and exclusive rights in respect of receive-only satellite earth stations not connected to the public network of a Member State and the abolition of special and exclusive rights in respect of satellite services provided for public or private broadcasters, the content of satellite broadcasting services to the general public or private broadcasters, the content of satellite broadcasting services to the general public provided via frequency bands defined in the Radio Regulations for both Broadcasting Satellite Services (BSS) and Fixed-Satellite Services (FSS) will continue to be subject to specific rules adopted by Member States in accordance with Community law and is not, therefore, subject to the provisions of this Directive.

Commission Decision 98/534/EC of 3 September 1998 on a common technical regulation for satellite personal communications networks (S-PCN) mobile earth stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 2,0 GHz frequency bands under the mobile satellite service (MSS)

For the guidelines' purpose it can only be indicated that distinct service markets could exist at least for terrestrial network provision, voice communication, data communication and satellites.

Commission Decision 98/533/EC of 3 September 1998 on a common technical regulation for satellite personal communications networks (S-PCN) mobile earth stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 1,6/2,4 GHz frequency bands under the mobile satellite service (MSS)

COMMISSION DECISION of 3 September 1998 on a common technical Regulation for Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN) Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 2,0 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) (notified under document number C(1998) 2376)

COMMISSION DECISION of 3 September 1998 on a common technical Regulation for Satellite Personal Communications Networks (S-PCN) Mobile Earth Stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 1,6/2,4 GHz frequency bands under the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) (notified under document number C(1998) 2375)

Commission Decision 98/534/EC of 3 September 1998 on a common technical regulation for satellite personal communications networks (S-PCN) mobile earth stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 2,0 GHz frequency bands under the mobile satellite service (MSS)(6), is to be incorporated into the Agreement,

Commission Decision 98/533/EC of 3 September 1998 on a common technical regulation for satellite personal communications networks (S-PCN) mobile earth stations (MESs), including handheld earth stations, for S-PCN operating in the 1,6/2,4 GHz frequency bands under the mobile satellite service (MSS)(5), is to be incorporated into the Agreement.

'- "telecommunications services" means services whose provision consists wholly or partly in the transmission and routing of signales on a public telecommunications network by means of telecommunications processes, with the exception of radio- and television-broadcasting to the public, and satellite services.'

existing networks (for fixed, mobile and satellite services) should be interconnected and interoperate between themselves and with ATM-based high-speed networks, in order to offer the most appropriate economic solutions to the various situations which will occur during the setting up of the information society.

By using navigation transponders on geostationary satellites and processing data from a network of terrestrial monitoring stations, EGNOS shall provide additional satellite ranging capability, service integrity and wide area differential (WAD) correction data.

These new definitions are indispensable in order to take account of the convergence phenomenon by bringing together under one single definition all electronic communications services and/or networks which are concerned with the conveyance of signals by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic means (i.e. fixed, wireless, cable television, satellite networks).

State regulations on satellites are not covered by the Commission Directives under Article 90 of the EEC Treaty respectively on terminals and services mentioned above except in the Directive on terminals which contemplates receive-only satellite stations not connected to a public network.

The abolition of special or exclusive rights relating to the connection of satellite earth station equipment makes it necessary to recognize the right to connect this equipment to the switched networks operated by the telecommunications organizations so that licensed operators can offer their services to the public.

Work on terrestrial and satellite(4) based, mobile and wireless systems and networks beyond 3G will focus on the next generation of technologies, ensuring cooperation and seamless inter-working at service and control planes of multiple wireless technologies over a common IP (Internet Protocol) platform as well as novel spectral efficient protocols, tools and technologies, to build wireless re-configurable IP enabled devices, systems and networks.

'- in the case of satellite earth station equipment, refuse to allow such equipment to be connected to the public telecommunications network and/or to be brought into service where it does not satisfy the relevant common technical regulations adopted in pursuance of Council Directive 93/97/EEC (8) or, in the absence thereof, the essential requirements laid down in Article 4 of that Directive.

HAVING REGARD to the communication from the Commission of the European Communities (hereafter referred to as the 'Commission`) on satellite navigation services of 14 June 1994, the European Parliament Resolution of 13 November 1994, the Resolution of the Council of the European Union of 19 December 1994 on the European contribution to the development of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), the conclusions of the Council of the European Union of 14 March 1995, inviting the European Commission to contribute to the implementation of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS 1) by taking all necessary measures for the leasing of the AOR-E and IOR Inmarsat III transponders, and Decision No 1692/96/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 1996 on Community guidelines for the development of the trans-European transport network;

In assessing the measures of this Directive, the Commission, in the context of the achievement of the fundamental objectives of the Treaty referred to in Article 2 thereof, including that of strengthening the Community's economic and social cohesion as referred to in Article 130 (a), will also take into account the situation of those Member States in which the terrestrial network is not yet sufficiently developed and which could justify the deferment for these Member States, as regards satellite services and to the extent necessary, of the date of full application of the provisions of this Directive until 1 January 1996,