ETCS and GSM-R are computer-based systems with a life expectancy significantly lower than current traditional railway signalling and telecommunication facilities.

train integrity (ETCS level 3),

inside the ERTMS/ETCS on-board equipment.

The fitting of ETCS or, respectively, GSM-R in the case of:

outside the ERTMS/ETCS, with an optional interface to the ERTMS/ETCS equipment on-board, or

isolation of ETCS on-board equipment.

For example: the ETCS end-of-movement authority,

The classification of the functions is indicated within the text of the ETCS FRS and the GSM-R FRS.

The ETCS functions required for interoperability are:

radio block system with "ETCS Level 3 like" functionality

between the key management system and the on-board and track-side ETCS.

ETC TEST

ETC Test

an ETCS level 3 trackside assembly requires train integrity supervision on-board;

compatibility between track-based systems and the rolling stock (ETCS Level 1 and 2);

In Annex A, index 0a, the ETCS functional requirement specifications are indicated.

when ETCS requires data transmission by radio the data transmission services of GSM-R shall be implemented.

Between the class A radio system and the ERTMS/ETCS: these requirements are specified in Annex A, index 14a.

The infill data transmission function in ETCS level 1 applications is only mandatory on-board under the conditions defined in section 7.

Between the ERTMS/ETCS centres of neighbouring infrastructure controllers: these requirements are specified in Annex A, index 14d.

ETC TEST CYCLE

Odometry: the interface between the odometry function and ETCS on-board functions shall meet the requirements of Annex A, index 13c.

For the safety-related part of one on-board assembly as well as for one trackside assembly, the safety requirement for ETCS level 2 is: tolerable hazard rate of 10-9/hour (for random failures) corresponding to safety integrity level 4 (preliminary value to be confirmed and to be extended for other ETCS levels).

ETCS functions shall be implemented in accordance with the technical specifications indicated in Annex A, indices 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and their performance shall conform to indices 2 and 18.

ETC dynamometer schedule

The upgrade may concern separately the GSM-R radio part, the ETCS part and the train detection part of the control-command subsystem.

ERTMS/ETCS also offers the possibility of sending information for an on-board class B apparatus via class A track-to-train communication. If this solution is applied, in any case full ERTMS/ETCS functionality shall be installed trackside and the corresponding information shall be sent to the trains, to allow movement of interoperable trains.

an ETCS level 1 trackside assembly with infill requires corresponding infill functionality on-board if the release speed is set to zero for safety reasons (e.g. protection of danger points);

An example is the combination of an ERTMS/ETCS system level 1 using Eurobalise as a spot-transmission means and an infill function not based on a unified solution, but on a national system.

Limit values - ETC tests

The fitting of ETCS (if necessary complemented by STMs) or GSM-R in rolling stock intended for use on a line including at least a section equipped with class A interfaces (even if superimposed to a class B system), in the case of:

The verification of the STM interface to the ERTMS/ETCS on-board and certain associated external interfaces to the rolling stock TSI subsystem, as indicated in Table 5.1 require a conformity assessment carried out by a notified body.

For the ETC, sampling can generally be done in two ways:

The conformity assessment shall include safety, e.g. the demonstration that the application software is implemented in a safety platform that has a prior declaration of conformity in a way that achieves safety acceptance according to the Annex A, index 1. This shall also include the demonstration that other software modules possibly installed in the same platform do not interfere with ERTMS/ETCS application.

The engine shall be run over a minimum of two ETC cycles and until the CO emission measured over one ETC cycle does not exceed by more than 10 % the CO emission measured over the previous ETC cycle.

Diluted Exhaust Gas (mandatory for ETC, optional for ESC)

A graphical display of the ETC dynamometer schedule is shown in Figure 5.

For gas engines, the gaseous emissions shall be determined on the ETC test.

This manifold background calls for the setting-up of a coherent trans-European implementation plan for ERTMS (ETCS and GSM-R) that should contribute to an harmonious development of the whole of the trans-European rail network in compliance with the EU strategy for the TEN-transport network. Such a plan should build upon the corresponding national implementation plans and should provide an appropriate knowledge base for decision support to the different stakeholders - in particular, to the Commission in the allocation of financial support to railway infrastructure projects.

However, one adaptation run over one ETC cycle without measurement is permitted after the change of the fuel.

the ETC which consists of a second-by-second sequence of transient modes.

An analytical system for the determination of the gaseous emissions in the raw (Figure 7, ESC only) or diluted (Figure 8, ETC and ESC) exhaust gas is described based on the use of:

Flow diagram of diluted exhaust gas analysis system for CO, CO2, NOx, HC ETC, optional for ESC

A water and sewerage authority established by section 62 of the Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994.

The ESC and ELR test procedures are described in Annex III, Appendix 1, the ETC test procedure in Annex III, Appendices 2 and 3.

A manufacturer may choose to measure the mass of total hydrocarbons (THC) on the ETC test instead of measuring the mass of non-methane hydrocarbons.

For the ETC, only a full flow dilution system shall be used for determining gaseous and particulate emissions, and is considered the reference system.

For type approval testing to either row B1 or B2 or row C of the tables in section 6.2.1 the emissions shall be determined on the ESC, ELR and ETC tests.

Dilution may be accomplished by a partial flow dilution system (ESC only) or a full flow dilution system (mandatory for ETC).

"ETC test" means a test cycle consisting of 1800 second-by-second transient modes to be applied in accordance with section 6.2 of this Annex;