Clinical examination

Clinical examination of the breast

Clinical examination is the first and most important method in diagnosis a breast disease.

a clinical examination of the chest,

Screening of asymptomatic women by clinical investigation and mammography is an effective method for the detection of early cancer forms. Together with adequate treatment it will certainly decrease the mortality due to this disease.

Larger tumors, which are characteristic of advanced stages of the disease, can be discovered on gynaecological examination. ultrasound is an indispensable tool for determining the nature of the tumor. Further data on the malignancy are provided by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

The clinical examination shall comprise at least the following:

a clinical examination of the pigs, with negative results;

The clinical examination referred to in paragraph 2 shall consist of a visual examination of all of the animals.

It is recommended to repeat the clinical examination one month after commencing treatment with Trocoxil and prior to administration of the third dose.

Clinical examination should include evaluation for physical signs of fat redistribution (see section 4.8).

a clinical examination of the animals in order to ensure that they conform to the information provided in the accompanying certificate or document and that they are clinically healthy. In accordance with the procedure laid down in

history, clinical investigation, mammography, ultrasound, needle and excision biopsy.

Subjective clinical methods are often not reliable because of poor co-operation.

It has been found that amplified surface microscopy is better and more reliable than clinical examination. This finding has been statistically confirmed;

In clinical practice, a diagnosis of specific allergy is usually based on the clinical history, supplemented by diagnostic tests.

A complete history, careful physical examination of the whole patient, basic laboratory tests, chest x-ray and ultrasound abdominal examination are sufficient to obtain the diagnosis in majority of the cases.

two clinical case reports and review of the literature

Amplified surface microscopy is a riew non-invasive diagnostic method enabling the detection of atypical (dysplastic) nevi, which are frequent precursors of malignant melanoma, as well as of signs that indicate the initial symptoms of malignant afteration much earlier than it used to be possible by a standard clinical examination.

Oral mucosa lesions were assessed by an oral clinical examination.

The data were gathered by questionnaire, clinical examination and blood analyses.

Quantitative sensory tests constitute an important complement to physical examination.

A retrospective study was performed. With the help of computer data we found and than analysed 16 patients with miliary tuberculosis in the three year period. We followed the following variables: age, sex, history, clinical examination, basic laboratory results of blood and urine samples analysis, chest X-ray, microbiologic examinationfor the Mycobacterium tuberculosae and the course, complications and effectivness of antituberculotic treatment of miliary tuberculosis.

We compared clinical diagnosis and histological findings of the resected specimens in 41 out of the 51 cases studied.

Definitely, the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is still clinical and requires the broad clinical knowledge.

Risk factors are ascertained on the base of case history, clinical and laboratory findings, i.e. with complete medical check-up.

As these tests do not localize the lesion, they should be complemented by a physical examination and other investigations.

At birth, physical examination revealed a depression of 5 cm in diameter and 2 cm in depth on the upper and back part of the right parietal bone.

According to clinical examination the values of PAOP18 mm Hg were underestimated in 19% of patients, and values of CI2.21/min/m2 were overestimated in 33% of patients.

1960-1984 /clinical examination only/, 1985-1987 /ultrasaund in at-risk group/ and 1988-1995 /ultrasaund screening/.

In the present paper, theoretical backgroud, clinical experiences and recommendations for everyday practice are reviewed.

Our experience with cytological examinations of tumorous mediastinal lesions is evaluated.

The clinical and radiological criteria shuld be used and the CSF dynamic studies also as an aid in diagnosis of posttraumatic hydrocephalus.

Therefore, our study was aimed at establishing the reliability and accuracy of amplified surface microscopy in comparison with standard dinical examination.

Periodontal tissues of a patient with periodontitis marginalis chronica was evatulated with a whole body MR imager.

In the present article, an overview of oral cephaloporins currently registered in Slovenia as well as their pharmacokinetic properties, antimicrobial spectrum and clinical use is presented.

Careful clinical examination and neurophysiologic tests are performed for brain death confirmation. Contrast angiography or brain perfusion scintigraphy are used to confirm cessation of brain perfusion.

Clinical evaluation consisted of the patients medical history, neurological examination, laboratory investigation and each one underwent the myelography with computer tomography (CT).

Despite wide variety of clinical and radiological diagnostic criteria it is difficult to identify those patients who developed posttraumatic hydrocephalus.

The disease is characterized by progressive clinical course; the definite diagnosis is based on the histological demonstration of neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in the brain after autopsy.

Regular screening of women over 50 by mammography with or without clinical examination is supposed to reduce mortality among them for about 30%.

We present retrograde overview of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia trograde overview of elderly patients acute myeloid leukemia (AML), who were treated with cladribine and low doses cytosine arabinoside in Ljubljana haematologic department between 1.

Ultrasound diagnostics of breast is a complementary techique to clinical examination of women under 35 in whom symptoms of a breast disease have been observed, as well as to nonconclusive mammograms.

at least one examination with ultrasound during pregnancy, Apgar score -6 at 1st minute and -7 at 5th minutes, normal clinical status.

In the period of two years we examined 86 patients treated in units for the intensive therapy of adults and children at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile States, at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and at the Clinic for Plastic Surgery and Burns at the University Medical Centre of Ljubljana.

In a retrospective study of the period 1986 to 1996 we examined the clinical records of the patients with HIV infection and coexisting tuberculosis treated at the Department of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia, where all the HIV infected patients from Slovenia are hospitalised or followed up.

Serum and saliva samples from 35 persons previously determined as HIV-1 seropositive, and 50 persons of unknown HIV status with no risk factors for HIV infection were evaluated in a prospective, blinded fashion for anti HIV-1/2 antibodies.

an official veterinarian has carried out a clinical examination of the pigs in the holding and in particular of those to be moved, including the taking of the body temperature in accordance with the procedures laid down in the diagnostic manual and a check of the register and the pig identification marks referred to in Articles 4 and 5 of Directive 92/ 102/EEC;

an inspection in each sub-unit of the holding must be carried out to select the pigs to be clinically examined.

the animals are examined by an official veterinarian on the holding of origin who shall confirm the absence of any clinical symptoms of scrapie, prior to dispatch to the slaughterhouse;