C Readily biodegradable surfactant

D Surfactant not readily biodegradable

(xi) Surface-active agents and surfactants;

The stripped surfactant is dissolved in ethyl acetate.

Every non-ionic surfactant has its own factor, depending on its composition, particularly on the length of the alkene oxide chain.

Testing of surfactants

Information on the surfactant

anionic surfactants,

non-ionic surfactants,

Composition of the surfactant

cationic surfactants,

amphoteric surfactants,

and 10 ± 1 mg of the surfactant.

After phase separation and evaporation of the solvent, the non-ionic surfactant is precipitated in aqueous solution with modified Dragendorff reagent (KBiI4 + BaCl2 + glacial acetic acid).

As long as the Commission has not decided on a request for derogation, the placing on the market and use of the surfactant in question may be maintained, provided the manufacturer can show that the surfactant was already in use on the Community market at the date of entry into force of this Regulation and that the request for derogation was made within two years from that date.

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR ANIONIC SURFACTANTS

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR NON-IONIC SURFACTANTS

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR CATIONIC SURFACTANTS

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR AMPHOTERIC SURFACTANTS

"Surfactant" means any organic substance and/or preparation used in detergents, which has surface-active properties and which consists of one or more hydrophilic and one or more hydrophobic groups of such a nature and size that it is capable of reducing the surface tension of water, and of forming spreading or adsorption monolayers at the water-air interface, and of forming emulsions and/or microemulsions and/or micelles, and of adsorption at water-solid interfaces.

Concentration and separation of the surfactant

the biodegradability of surfactants in detergents;

Quantities of the surfactant used in detergents

The non-ionic surfactants are obtained from the effluent by evaporation.

COMPLEMENTARY RISK ASSESSMENT FOR SURFACTANTS IN DETERGENTS

(b - c) xfx 0,054 = mg non-ionic surfactant as NP 10

LIST OF BANNED OR RESTRICTED DETERGENT SURFACTANTS

Limitations based on the biodegradability of surfactants

Quantitative extraction is not necessary; however, at least 80 % of the anionic surfactants should be extracted.

LIST OF SURFACTANTS THAT HAVE OBTAINED A DEROGATION

Surface active agents are concentrated and isolated by gas stripping.

restrictions or bans on surfactants on grounds of biodegradability;

Uncompounded surfactants are examined in the original state.

Preliminary treatment of anionic surfactants to be tested

Preliminary treatment of non-ionic surfactants to be tested

Determination of anionic surfactants in biodegradability tests 2.1.

The concentrations must be determined to the nearest 0,1 mg/l surfactant

Part of this surfactant stock solution is then further diluted.

PRIMARY BIODEGRADABILITY TEST METHODS FOR SURFACTANTS IN DETERGENTS

Determination of non-ionic surfactants in biodegradation test liquors

These five tests are identified as the most suitable for surfactants.

Isolation and separation of anionic surface active agents from soap, non-ionic and cationic surfactants are required for correct biodegradability tests.

To obtain the anionic surface active agents (MBAS), disconnect the KAT column.

Isolation and separation of non-ionic surface active agents from soap, anionic and cationic surfactants are required for correct biodegradability tests.

Thus soap, anionic and non-ionic surfactants may be isolated in one procedure.

It is necessary to introduce a surfactant definition, which was lacking in the existing legislation.

The surfactant content (in mg/l) of the synthetic sewage is determined immediately before use.

In the sample used, the quantity of non-ionic surfactant should be in the range 250-800 g.

The quantity of surfactant necessary for the degradation test is about 25 g BiAS.

The method is applicable to non-ionic surfactants containing 6-30 alkylene oxide groups.